Eczema

What is eczema?

Eczema (pronounced ek-sma) is a very common allergic skin condition that affects the skin of people in all age groups. Another name used for eczema is dermatitis. Usually it looks like a pinkish-red scaly rash appearing anywhere on the body.  Dry and scaly looking skin forms over red inflamed areas causing intense burning and itching. The area can feel hot and is usually very itchy and Babies can have eczema when they are young and then grow out of it as they get older and some people don’t get eczema until they are adults. Most people with chronic eczema will get their first patch of eczema occurring before they are school age.

Why do you get eczema?

It is not exactly known why we get eczema, it does have some connection to allergic reactions and the immune system it is not the typical allergic reaction.
Some types of eczema have a genetic link and a family history of allergies, asthma and eczema mean you may be more susceptible.

Some types of eczema happen after the skin comes into contact with a trigger or allergen which may happen immediately or only come after repeated contact. Common allergens are soaps, detergents, wool, animal fur, plants, chemicals and many others so it may be difficult to establish the cause. Sometimes physical stress like an illness or mental and emotional stress can trigger an attack. Although this skin condition often looks as though it might be contagious, it isn’t, you can’t catch eczema from someone else.

What can I do?

• If you are unsure about the diagnosis, consult a skin specialist or a doctor. Allergy testing may be necessary.
• If you are so uncomfortable that your sleep, work, or other daily activities are disrupted, you should also seek medical help.
• Avoid what you know you are allergic to wherever possible.
• Try not to scratch it – fingernails can harbour bacteria and can cause an infection if you scratch and break the skin.
• Try to avoid washing clothes in harsh detergents and soaps.
• Avoid showering or bathing excessively – once a day and only use soap where you really need it. Pat the skin gently dry.
• Avoid hot water as this will only make the itching worse.
• Clothing should be cotton where possible, wool can irritate.
• Keep cool and out of the sun, getting hot and sweaty can make it worse.
• Avoid strenuous exercise when your eczema flares up.
• Avoid physical and mental stress. Eating a well balanced diet, reducing stress and adequate sleep will help you stay healthy, which can help prevent flares.
• Clean the area with a hypoallergenic cleanser every day.
• Gently apply a moisturising cream after washing that has been formulated to be calming and soothing as well as moisturising with no perfumes or colours.